Wastewater Treatment
Industrial process wastewater, commercial wastewater and domestic sewage differ in flow, organic load, solids, oils and dissolved contaminants.
Unisavour Industries Limited understands those conditions first, then selects a treatment pathway — an ETP, an STP, recycling or recovery — suited to the application.
In short
The treatment process is selected from factors such as wastewater flow, organic load, suspended solids, pH, oils, dissolved contaminants, variability and the required final water quality. Site constraints and reuse or discharge objectives also influence whether physical, chemical, biological, membrane or recovery stages are combined.
The challenge
The source of the wastewater is the first thing that separates one treatment pathway from another.
Process wastewater whose composition follows the manufacturing activity — treated in an ETP.
Wastewater from toilets, kitchens and washrooms — treated in an STP.
Further treatment where treated water can replace freshwater on site.
Where liquid discharge must be minimised or eliminated, recovery stages follow.
Engineering approach
Every pathway is configured per site — never a fixed product.
Screening, equalisation
Physico-chemical treatment
Aerobic or anaerobic
Filtration, membranes
Discharge or reuse
Compared
Effluent treatment plants and sewage treatment plants solve different problems. Many industrial sites need both.
| Aspect | Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) | Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) |
|---|---|---|
| Treats | Industrial and process wastewater | Domestic and similar sewage |
| Composition | Varies with raw materials, chemicals and processes | Relatively consistent organic wastewater |
| Typical stages | Physico-chemical, biological, membrane and recovery stages as required | Screening, biological treatment, solids separation, polishing |
| Main design drivers | Effluent analysis, variability and the treatment objective | Occupancy, flow variation, site and treated-water use |
| Typical settings | Manufacturing and process industries | Residential, commercial, institutional and industrial facilities |
A general comparison. Whether streams can be combined, and how each is treated, depends on site-specific data.
Technologies
A named technology is one part of a treatment train. Which of these suits a particular site is confirmed through water analysis, process design and the required outcome.
Wastewater Treatment
Biological treatment combined with membrane separation for applications that require a highly clarified treated-water stream.
Process family · Biological + membrane
Typical use · Advanced biological treatment, high treated-water quality or recycling
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Wastewater Treatment
Attached-growth biological treatment using carrier media that provide surface area for microorganisms while moving within the reactor.
Process family · Attached growth
Typical use · Sewage and industrial wastewater needing robust treatment and operational flexibility
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Wastewater Treatment
An aerobic attached-growth process in which biomass develops on submerged fixed media.
Process family · Attached growth
Typical use · Compact sewage and wastewater systems suited to a fixed-media process
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Wastewater Treatment
A biological process in which treatment stages occur sequentially within the same reactor through controlled operating cycles.
Process family · Activated sludge / batch
Typical use · Variable flows where batch-cycle operation offers process flexibility
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Wastewater Treatment
An activated-sludge process using extended aeration periods for stable biological treatment.
Process family · Activated sludge / batch
Typical use · Sewage treatment plants needing a relatively robust biological process
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Wastewater Treatment
An anaerobic treatment process where wastewater flows upward through a biologically active sludge blanket.
Process family · Anaerobic
Typical use · Higher-strength organic wastewater where anaerobic treatment is technically appropriate
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Industries
Common questions
What buyers ask about wastewater treatment.
Often. Process effluent from manufacturing is usually treated in an ETP, while sewage from toilets, canteens and washrooms is treated in an STP. Combining the streams is sometimes possible, but only when the effluent characteristics and the treatment objective allow it.
Biological treatment uses microorganisms to break down organic matter in wastewater. Aerobic processes — such as MBBR, SBR, MBR, SAFF and extended aeration — supply oxygen to the microorganisms; anaerobic processes such as UASB work without oxygen and are typically considered for higher-strength organic effluent.
Treatment technologiesPhysico-chemical treatment removes contaminants through physical and chemical processes rather than microorganisms — for example pH correction, coagulation and flocculation to bind fine particles, and settling or filtration to separate them. In industrial effluent treatment it is often used before or after biological stages.
Not necessarily. Treated wastewater meets the quality required for discharge or further treatment; recycled water has been treated further, to the quality a particular reuse requires.
Wastewater recyclingWastewater Treatment
Share what you know about the wastewater, the site and the outcome you need. Our team can help identify the right starting point.Don't have complete technical data yet? Share what you know — our team can help identify what is needed for the next step.
